Applications Of Automation On Utilities.

The major utilities of any enterprise will include the Power generation and fault correction utilities. For the past two decades the utility systems automation is undergoing a slow but a uniform automation. But now automation is being used tremendously. The electrical Utility systems automation market has been categorized into two main categories.

Real Time Automation And Control (RTAC) includes which is especially not limited to real time data acquisition and control products, systems and services for

1. Transmission and distribution of management solutions
2. Substation automation which includes intelligence electronic devices and control.
3. Field data devices for transmission and distribution automation and even for substation automation.

Geospatial and field automation solutions (GFAS) including but it is also not necessarily limited to

1. Traditional AM/FM/GIS (automated mapping/facilities management/geographic information systems) products, services and systems etc.
2. Outage management, work management, work force management and mobile computing solutions.

RTAC and GFAS cut across a lot of utilities of T&D infrastructure. Modern protection technology allows some possibilities which are used for optimizing the operation of the network by combining with the automation applications. On other hand Distribution Automation (DA) application employment may result in some impact on relaying. Protective relays and controls are the two important key parts of DA-they provide controls-they also may be used to execute controls. DA varies for various means it is called as smart grids, and for some of them it is called as capacitor controls. Some of the applications of the DA are:

• -Remote controlling of feeder reclosers and switches
• -automatic reconfiguration of feeders by remote controlling of feeder reclosers and switches which includes fault detection.
• -Detection of the fault at distribution feeder devices.
• -based on the wave shape analysis fault location can be detected.
• -control of capacitors
• - Sensors on the distribution systems control voltages.
• -power quality (Harmonic content) measurements.
• -Distribution line monitoring (Power Measurements).
• -Distribution of the underground network and network grid monitoring and control
• -Dispersed generation and micro-grids.

Utilities executives are giving much concern on address pressing environmental concerns as well as for the threat of terrorist attacks and the potential danger of natural disasters. Because of automation there are huge lump of services being done and for power availability and the decreasing the outage instances and the outage impact can be lessened by using automation. The utilities sector is complex and changing rapidly as companies require new models of value creation.

Benefits Of Drug Testing For Athletes

The increasing pay checks and the concern of the population of nation or country towards them is making the athletes or the sport persons to turn towards usage of the drugs. The economic rewards are being increased for the athletes for their extra ordinary performance and therefore the performance has to be maximized. In order to maximize their performance unfair means are being approached by the athletes to improve their body’s natural performance.

Though some fair means are available to improve performance like usage of carbohydrates, energy bars and electrolyte drinks, athletes are using unfair means by consumption of the drugs.

Generally the types of banned substances which are being tested in the body of athletes are drugs, beta-blockers, steroids and masking agents. Drugs are being consumed for increasing their performance, although effect will be for a very less time and again beta-blockers which are used for controlling the high blood pressure is used for controlling the anxiety. Steroids are generally disease reducing means for muscle pain, so they are used for improving the performance and for maintaining the muscle mass. All these presence can be detected using the urine screen drug testing.

The masking agents are used for cleaning the urine to get a negative result for the test being undergone.

All the above banned substances usage can be controlled by the use of relevant drug test methods. Generally the athletes undergo the urine test for fast and accurate results.

Thus, drug testing is necessary for finding out the real player who is playing with his/her own performance without any influence of drugs or any abused substances. It is also used for ensuring the performance and for avoiding the cheaters from getting the rewards.

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